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GPS system is a international navigational system operated by the US military. The system is maintained by USNO, the United States Naval Observatory. The Global Positioning System is implemented from space by 24 satellites in high orbit. Each satellite has precise timing equipment that can be accustom to triangulate situation for navigational purposes. Low-cost GPS antennas and receivers are immediately widely available and provide precise time and frequency information international.
This treatise presents an introduction to using the GPS system for microprocessor timing petitions. It describes the equipment that can be utilised to provide a precise time resource for computers and calculator networks.
All of the orbiting satellites have on-board precise timing references that can be utilised by time servers to provide accurate time. Each satellite continually broadcasts accurate time and positioning information. This information can be received by a GPS receiver and externally mounted GPS antenna. The timing information received namely referenced to UTC time. The system is a free to air service requiring not set-up or subscription fees.
Many Network Time Protocol (NTP) server systems utilise GPS time as an outer timing reference to synchronise Windows,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], LINUX, UNIX and other operating systems and network infrastructures. GPS is an ideal time and frequency source because it can provide extremely accurate time anywhere in the globe using relatively low components.
Each GPS satellite transmits a very low-power radio signal by 2 frequencies; L1 and L2. L1 is the civil frequency band transmitted at 1575 MHz, meantime L2 is used for military positioning purposes. The radio signal transmitted by each satellite can easily pass through substance such as cup and plastics yet are blocked more substantial materials used in erections. The signals voyage by line of sight. The ideal location for a GPS antenna is on a rooftop with a agreeable view of the sky.
The radio signals can be received by a low-cost GPS antenna. The antenna is essentially a high gain amplifier, which is used to dilate and transfer the languid radio signals down a coax cable to a GPS receiver.
The cable length that can be utilised among a GPS antenna and receiver is fussy. Cable distance is decided by the comparative quality of cable utilised and the gain of the GPS antenna. High antenna gain and tall quality coax allows for much longer cable escapes scampers.
GPS whistle amplifiers can be fitted inline above the coax cord apt thrust the semaphore and mushroom cable length. GPS amplifiers are generally powered from the coax cable. The higher the exaggeration, alternatively gain, catered along the antenna, the longer the cable length that can be utilised.
Roof-mounted antennas can be disposed to lighting strikes or other voltage surges. A lightning buffet up to a 15 min of a mile away can harm electronic components. Therefore, it is suggested that a surge suppressor be fitted. Lightning or surge suppressors are installed inline on the GPS cable and redirect anyone surge to globe. Various types of surge suppressor are accessible, from gas dismiss devices to solid-state multi-strike devices.
GPS receivers decipher the received signal from the antenna and provide lightly readable information in a reg code format. Most operating systems, comprising Microsoft Windows,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], LINUX and UNIX as well as time server systems can utilise the time output provided by the GPS receiver because accurate synchronisation. Many alter GPS protocols are utilised, the most renowned being NMEA. The NMEA protocol was amplified by the National Marine Electronics Association. The protocol specifies a set of sentences that contain time and positioning information got by the GPS receiver. The GPS messages can be easily decoded by a standard PC or NTP server to provide precise timing information.
To summarise, the GPS system is one excellent source of precise time for NTP server systems or for synchronising stand-alone Windows, LIN